KEBIJAKAN KOMUNIKASI DALAM MENANGGULANGI DISINFORMASI BERBASIS KECERDASAN BUATAN DI MEDIA SOSIAL: STUDI LITERASI DIGITAL MAHASISWA
Abstract
Disinformasi berbasis kecerdasan buatan meningkatkan skala, kecepatan, dan daya persuasi informasi menyesatkan di media sosial melalui produksi otomatis, manipulasi visual dan audiovisual, identitas sintetis, personalisasi pesan, serta pengulangan algoritmik, sedangkan kedekatan mahasiswa dengan teknologi digital belum selalu diikuti kemampuan verifikasi informasi yang memadai. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakter disinformasi berbasis kecerdasan buatan, mengidentifikasi kerentanan dan kapasitas literasi digital mahasiswa, serta merumuskan model kebijakan komunikasi publik yang adaptif. Penelitian menggunakan kajian literatur integratif terhadap 34 publikasi ilmiah, laporan kebijakan, regulasi, dan dokumen resmi yang diterbitkan pada 2020–2026, kemudian dianalisis melalui ekstraksi informasi, pengodean tematik, perbandingan antarsumber, dan triangulasi jenis sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan yang berorientasi pada penghapusan konten dan klarifikasi setelah informasi menjadi viral tidak memadai sehingga kebijakan yang efektif harus bersifat preventif, adaptif, partisipatif, transparan, dan berbasis bukti dengan mengintegrasikan pemetaan risiko, respons cepat, pendidikan literasi media dan kecerdasan buatan, verifikasi informasi, partisipasi mahasiswa sebagai pemeriksa fakta sebaya, transparansi moderasi, serta kolaborasi antara perguruan tinggi, pemerintah, media, platform digital, dan masyarakat sipil.
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